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The popularity of Judo increased dramatically after a famous contest hosted by the Tokyo police in 1886 where the Judo team defeated the most well-known jujutsu school of the time. It then became a part of the Japanese physical education system and began its spread around the world. The growth of Judo in its early years is demonstrated by the growth of the Kodokan itself: · 12 mats (May 1882 Eishoji Temple) · 10 mats (Feb. 1883 Jimocho, Kanda) · 20 mats (Sept. 1883 Shihan's house, Kojimachi) · 40 mats (Spring 1887 Mr. Shinagawa's house, Kojimachi) · 60 mats (April 1890 Hongo-ku, Masaga-cho) · 107 mats (Feb. 1894 Koishikawa-cho, Shimotomisaka-cho) · 207 mats (Nov. 1897 Koishikawa, Shimotomisaka-cho) · 314 mats (Jan. 1898 Otsuka Sakashita-cho) · 514 mats (Dec. 1919 1-chome Kasuga-cho, Bunkyo-ku) · 986 mats (March 1958 2-chome, Kasuga-cho, Bunko-ku) In addition to the above, other aspects of Kodokan Judo were being introduced such as the Kan-geiko (winter training) in 1894, the Shochu-geiko (summer training) in 1896, and the Spring & Autumn Red & White Contests began in 1884. In 1928, after attending the Olympic Games of Amsterdam, Jigoro Kano conceived the idea to get Judo in the Olympic Games. In 1936 in Berlin, during the 35th session of the International Olympic Committee, the XII Olympic Games were scheduled for 1940 in Tokyo, where Judo of course would be added, but the war against China in 1937 forced Japan to withdraw from the organization of these Games and Judo was included only as a demonstration. In 1964 men's Judo competition finally became a part of the Olympics, the only asian martial art that is an official medal sport. In 1992 Judo competition for women was added to the Olympics. Judo consists primarily of nage-waza (throws), along with katame-waza (grappling), which includes osaekomi-waza (pins), shime-waza (chokes), and kansetsu-waza (armbars). Additional techniques, including atemi-waza (striking) and various joint locks are found in the judo katas. Judo is generally compared to wrestling but it retains its unique combat forms. As a daughter to Jujutsu these techniques are also often taught in Judo classes. Because the founder was involved in education (President of Tokyo University) Judo training emphasizes mental, moral and character development as much as physical training. Most instructors stress the principles of Judo such as the principle of yielding to overcome greater strength or size, as well as the scientific principles of leverage, balance, efficiency, momentum and control. Seiryoku zenyo (maximum efficiency) and Jita kyoei (mutual welfare and benefit) are best known of the principles of Judo. Judo would be a good choice for most children because it is safe and fun. Judo training has many forms for different interests. Some students train for competition by sparring and entering the many tournaments that are available. Other students study the traditional art and forms (kata) of Judo. Other students train for self-defense, and yet other students play Judo for fun. Black belts are expected to learn all of these aspects of Judo. Because Judo originated in modern times it is organized like other major sports with one international governing body, the International Judo Federation (IJF), and one technical authority (Kodokan). Unlike other martial arts, Judo competition rules, training methods, and rank systems are relatively uniform throughout the world. KODOKAN JUDO by Neil Ohlenkamp |
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