totality of text, making possible "a common publishing repository for the writings of humankind...a clarifying system of order."
(adopted by Electronic Labyrinth Website, original at http://web.uvic.ca/~ckeep/elab.html)
| 367 -- Festal Epistle of St Athanasius delivered |
| 868 -- The Diamond Sutra printed |
| 900 -- The Lindisfarne Gospels illuminated (circa) |
| 1440 -- The Gutenberg Bible published |
| 1590 -- Spenser's The Faerie Queene published |
| 1603 -- Klesheim's Album Amicorum authoring begins |
| 1611 -- King James Version of the Holy Bible published |
| 1740 -- Richardson's Pamela published |
| 1760 -- Sterne's Tristram Shandy published |
| 1787 -- Original Letters from the Archives of the Paston Family, the first English facsimile book published |
| 1790 -- Blake's The Marriage of Heaven and Hell illuminated |
| 1854 -- Dickens' Hard Times published |
| 1859, Oliver Wendell Holmes prophesied: "The time will come when any man who wishes to view any object, natural or artificial, will go to the Imperial, National, or City Stereographic Library and call for its skin or form, as he would for a book at any common library. We do now distinctly propose the creation of a comprehensive and systematic stereographic library, where all men can find the special forms they particularly desire to see as artists, or as scholars, or as mechanics, or in any other capacity." |
| 1872 -- Sholes and Densmore patent the QWERTY keyboard typewriter |
| 1892 -- Kelmscott Press edition of Morris' News From Nowhere |
| 1922 -- Eliot's "The Waste Land" published |
| 1925 -- Freud's "A Note Upon The Mystic Writing Pad" published |
| 1939 -- Joyce's Finnegans Wake published It was a text that could be read by an ideal reader affected by an ideal insomnia. |
| 1945 -- Vannevar Bush's "As We May Think" published (mechanically linked information retrieval machine (memex) to manage the post-war information explotion. |
| 1959 -- Robbe-Grillet's Dans le labyrinthe published |
| 1962 -- Nabokov's Pale Fire published |
| 1963 -- Saporta's Composition #1 published. A novel whose pages could be displaced so as to compose different stories. |
| 1963 -- Engelbart publishes "A Conceptual Framework". Created a system called NLS that could organize and retrieve information as well as handle electronic mail and teleconferencing. |
|
1965 -- Ted Nelson coins
the term "hypertext". Nelson adopted Bush's hypertext ideas to literary
applications and created a computer system link text electronically in order to
trace the evolution of ideas and provide royalty payments. He two (decades) pursued
Project Xanadu, a computer-based system to digitize and link the totality of text, making possible "a common publishing repository for the writings of humankind...a clarifying system of order." |
| 1966 -- Cortázar's Hopscotch published |
| 1967 -- Barth's "Literature of Exhaustion" published |
| 1968 -- Engelbart implements NLS and invents the mouse |
| 1968 -- HES developed by Nelson and van Dam at Brown U |
| 1969 -- FRESS developed at Brown U. It was an experimental poetry course had windows for adding notes, making annotations, and mediating student-teacher conferences. |
| 1970 -- Ballard's The Atrocity Exhibition published |
| 1972 -- ZOG development begins at Carnegie Mellon |
| 1975 -- The Altair, the first personal computer, introduced |
| 1977 -- Apple II released |
| 1981 -- KMS development begins at Knowledge Systems |
| 1981 -- Nelson's Literary Machines published |
| 1981 -- Introduction of the IBM PC |
| 1982 -- ZOG installed on USS Carl Vinson |
| 1982 -- Guide development begins at U of Kent |
| 1983 -- TIES development begins at U of Maryland |
| 1983 -- Trigg completes the first hypertext PhD at U of Maryland |
| 1984 -- Guide implemented commercially by Office Workstations |
| 1984 -- Notecards development begins at Xerox PARC |
| 1985 -- Intermedia development begins at Brown U |
| 1986 -- Writing Environment development begins at U of N. Carolina |
| 1986 -- Guide released for the Apple |
| 1986 -- Release of the first 80386 computer, the Compaq Deskpro |
| 1987 -- HyperCard released |
| 1987 -- Conklin's "Hypertext: An Introduction and Survey" published |
| 1987 -- Guide for MS-Windows released |
| 1988 -- Pavic's Dictionary of the Khazars published |
| 1989 -- Schneiderman and Kearsley's Hypertext Hands-On! becomes the first book/hypertext package |
| 1989 -- IBM's LinkWay released |
| 1989 -- IRIS Intermedia 3.0 released commercially |
| 1989 -- Joyce's Afternoon published |
| 1991 -- Sony's Data Discman released |
| 1991 -- Franklin Electronic Bible introduced |
| 1993 -- The Electronic Labyrinth written |
| 1995 -- The Electronic Labyrinth Web version published |
