STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER 23:

 

STATE-BUILDING AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN EUROPE, 1850-1871

 

 

 

TERMS, PEOPLE, AND EVENTS

 

"Eastern Question"

Battle of Sinope

Nicholas I

Crimean War

Alexander II

Florence Nightingale

Peace of Paris (1856)

Cavour

plebiscite

Treaty of Plombières

Victor Emmanuel II

Otto von Bismarck

Seven Weeks' War

dual monarchy

Franco-Prussian War

Reichstag

Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III)

Maximilian

Baron Georges Haussmann

Chevalier-Cobden Treaty

Reform Bill of 1867

William Gladstone

Benjamin Disraeli

Third Republic

intelligentsia

Great Exhibition of 1851

Paris Commune

Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Charles Darwin

natural selection

Georg Hegel

proletariat

Friedrich Engels

labor theory of value

Risorgimento

Realpolitik

mir

Zollverein

Seven Weeks’ War

Reform Bill of 1832

Suez Canal

zemstvos

“Will of the People”

Cult of domesticity

Karl Marx

realism

Sevastopol

Gustav Flaubert

 

 

KEY GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATIONS

 

Danubian Principalities

Crimea

Moldavia

Wallachia

Bessarabia

Romania

Schleswig

Holstein

Bosporus

Black Sea

Sea of Marmara

Dardanelles

Sevastopol

California

Argentina

Mexico

Galapagos Islands

Alsace

Lorraine

Romagna

Nice

Savoy

Bosporus

 

 

 

 

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

 

1.         Did German and Italian unification represent dreams come true for the revolutionaries of 1848?  Or were they dreams gone wrong?

 

2.         With Napoleon I and Napoleon III in mind, Karl Marx famously argued that history occurs the first time as tragedy and the second time as farce.  Do the actual careers of the two monarchs bear him out? 

 

3.         How did new concepts of domestic life complement new norms of economic life in the second half of the nineteenth century?

 

4.         Frederick Engels said, "Just as Darwin discovered the law of development of organic nature, Marx discovered the law of development of human history."  Were the "scientific" philosophies of Marx and Darwin compatible?  Or were they mutually antagonistic?

 

5.         Whose government was most effective in the second half of the nineteenth century, Great Britain’s, France’s, or Russia’s?  Why?

 

6.         What was Realpolitik?  How well did major European political leaders uphold this ideal after 1850?