Reaction Rates

 

14-1

 

Express the rate of a given reaction in terms of the variation
in the concentration of a reactant or product substance with
time.

 

  14-2

Calculate the average rate over an interval of time, given
the concentration of a reactant or product at the beginning
and end of that interval.

 

  14-3

Calculate the instantaneous rates from a graph of reactant
or productconcentrations as a function of time.

 

  14-4

Explain the meaning of the term rate constant and state
the units associated with rate constants.

 

  14-5

Calculate the rate, rate constant, or reaction concentration,
given two of these together with the rate law.

 

  14-6

Determine the rate law from experimental results that show
how concentration affects rate.

 

  14-7

Use the concentration-time and half-life relationships for
a first order reaction to calculate the initial concentration of reactant, the final concentration of reactant, the time for a
reaction to occur, the rate constant, or the half-life where appropriate.

 

  14-8

Perform similar calculations as expressed in Goal 14-7 for
zero and second order reactions.

 

  14-9

Explain the concept of reaction half-life and describe the relationship between half-life and rate constant.

 

  14-10

Determine the rate law for a given higher-order reaction
from the appropriate date.

 

  14-11

Use the collision model of chemical reactions to explain
how reaction occurs at the molecular level.

 

  14-12

Explain the concept of activation energy and how it relates
to the variation of reaction rate with temperature.

 

  14-13

Determine the activation energy for a reaction from a
knowledge of how the rate constant varies with temperature
(the Arrhenius equation).

 

  14-14

Explain what is meant by the mechanism of a reaction using
the terms elementary steps, rate determining step, and intermediate.

 

  14-15

Derive the rate law for a reaction that has a rate -determining
step, given the elementary steps, and their relative speeds; or conversely, choose a plausible mechanism for a reaction given
a rate law.

 

  14-16

Describe the effect of a catalyst on the energy requirements
for a reaction.

 

  14-17

Relate the factors that are important in determining the
activity of a heterogeneous catalyst.

 

  14-18 Explain how enzymes act as biological catalysts using the lock-and-key model.

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