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Properties of Solutions |
| 13.1 | The Solution Process Energy Changes and Solution Formation Solution Formation, Spontaneity, and Disorder Solution Formation and Chemical Reactions |
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| 13.2 | Ways of Expressing Concentration Mole Fraction, Molarity, and Molality |
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| 13.3 | Saturated Solutions and Solubility | |
| 13.4 | Factors Affecting Solubility Solute-Solvent Interactions Pressure Effects Temperature Effects |
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| 13.5 | Colligative Properties Lowering the Vapor Pressure Raoult's Law Boiling-Point Elevation Freezing-Point Depression Osmosis Determination of Molecular Weight |
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| 13.6 | Colloids Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Colloids Removal of Colloidal Particles |
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